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Swahili language --- Kisangani --- Grammar.
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La 4e de couverture indique : "Une grammaire pour l'étudiant dès la première année en lettres modernes qui trouvera l'essentiel dans les fiches, et pour les candidats aux concours de recrutement de l'enseignement qui approfondiront leurs connaissances."
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After a short review of the history of research, the work introduces and delimits the concepts related to grammaticalization. It then provides extensive exemplification of grammaticalization phenomena in diverse languages, ordered by grammatical domains such as the verbal, pronominal and nominal sphere and clause level relations. The final chapter presents a theory of grammaticalization which is based on the autonomy of the linguistic sign with respect to the paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes. This is the basis of the structural parameters that constitute grammaticalization. They are operationalized to the point of rendering degrees of grammaticalization measurable.
Grammar --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Grammaticalization. --- Linguistics --- Philology
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In spite of the central position that the concept word has among the basic units of language structure, there is no consensus as to the definition of this concept (or network of related concepts). Many perspectives are needed in order to gain even a schematic idea of what words are, how words may be composed, and what relationships there might be between words. Many linguists have put forward frameworks for describing the domain of morphology, each framework proceeding from its author's assumptions, prioritizing distinct formal and functional dimensions, and therefore entering into de facto competition. This book addresses the needs of the language scholar/student who finds her/himself engaged in morphological analysis and theorizing. It offers a guide to existing approaches, revealing how they can either complement or compete with each other.
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The elaboration of linguistic theories depends on the existence of adequate descriptions of particular languages; otherwise theories will be poorly grounded on empirical data. This book starts from theoretical points of wide acceptance among linguists and goes on to present a descriptive metalanguage, able to express the facts of verb valency, which constitute one of the core areas in linguistic description. Most of the data come from an extensive survey under way of the valency of Portuguese verbs; but the present work’s relevance goes well beyond that, and incorporates a proposal applicable to other European languages, illustrated by the wealth of English examples included in the exposition. Among the topics discussed are the syntactic component of constructions (following here a proposal recently published in Culicover and Jackendoff’s Simpler Syntax); delimitation and definition of semantic roles; the role of linking rules and their relation to prototypes; and the connection between linguistic expressions and cognitive units such as frames and schemata. The result is a notational system flexible and robust enough to describe all aspects of verb valency.
Grammar --- Applied linguistics. --- Grammar, Comparative and general. --- Romance languages. --- Semantics. --- Applied Linguistics. --- Grammar. --- Romance Languages. --- Syntax. --- Neo-Latin languages --- Italic languages and dialects --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Language and languages --- Philosophical grammar --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Grammar, Comparative --- Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax --- Syntax
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Nilotic languages --- Langues nilotiques --- Grammar --- Grammaire
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Grammar --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Adverbiaux --- Propositions (Linguistique) --- Syntaxe --- Adverbials. --- Clauses. --- Syntax.
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This book discusses the way Chinese scholars developed a national grammar. Chinese didn’t develop grammar until China’s contact with Western grammar books in the 19th Century. The first indigenous grammar was published in 1889. It included some traditional notions, but mainly imitated European grammar. It was followed by a number of other similar works. To move away from this imitation, a group of grammarians started to look into the Chinese tradition of commenting on classics. This led to a variety of alternative grammars. After the war, Western linguistics started to gain influence in China. With the establishment of the PRC in 1949, efforts began to have a standard grammar adopted nationwide. The first attempt at such a grammar was published in 1956. This book spans the period 1898 – 1956.This book combines historiography and linguistics to distinguish different periods in the timespan covered. It shows how the development of a national grammar cannot be studied separately from language policies and discussions on the national language. The description of each period includes a general introduction of the relevant events in that period and a treatment of the major works of grammar.
Linguistics. --- Grammar. --- Chinese. --- Historical Linguistics. --- Chinese language. --- Grammar, Comparative and general. --- Linguistique --- Chinois (Langue) --- Grammaire comparée et générale --- Languages & Literatures --- Philology & Linguistics --- Chinese language --- Grammar --- Standardization --- History. --- Historical linguistics. --- Sino-Tibetan languages --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Language and languages --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Philosophical grammar --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative --- Diachronic linguistics --- Dynamic linguistics --- Evolutionary linguistics --- Language and history --- History
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Grammar, Comparative and genera --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Phonologie --- Syntax --- Phonology --- Phonology.
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This volume offers a valuable overview of recent research into the semantic aspects of complex words through different theoretical frameworks. Contributions by experts in the field, both morphologists and psycholinguists, identify crucial areas of research, present alternative and complementary approaches to their examination from the current level of knowledge, and indicate perspectives of research into the semantics of complex words by raising important questions that need to be investigated in order to get a more comprehensive picture of the field. Recent decades have seen both extensive and intensive development of various theories of word-formation, however, the semantic aspects of complex words have, with a few notable exceptions, been rather neglected. This volume fills that gap by offering articles written by leading experts in the field from various theoretical backgrounds.
Grammar, Comparative and general. --- Semantics. --- Psycholinguistics. --- Syntax. --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Language, Psychology of --- Psychology of language --- Speech --- Linguistics --- Psychology --- Thought and thinking --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Philosophical grammar --- Philology --- Psychological aspects --- Grammar, Comparative --- Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax --- Syntax
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